Machine for cutting hoop-locks



3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

H. .WILDB.

MACHINE FOR CUTTING HOOP LOCKS.

Patented May 9, 1882.

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3 Sheets-Sheet 2. H. WILDE.

MACHINE FOR CUTTING HOOP LOCKS.

Patented May 9, 1882.

(No Model.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 3. H. WILDE.

MACHINE FOR CUTTING HOOP LOOKS.

Patented May 9,1882.

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PETERS, Phnh Ll hngnplmr, Washington, D4 c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY WILDE, or NEWARK, NEW JEnsEY.

MACHINE FOR CUTTING HOOP-LOCKS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 257,539, dated May 9, 1882.

Application filed December 10, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY WILDE, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of Newark, Essex county, New Jersey, have invented certain new and usefullmprovements in Machines for Guttin g Looks in Barrel-Hoops, fully described and represented in the following specification and the accompanying drawings, forming part of the same.

My invention relates to an improvement in mechanism for cutting locks in barrel-hoops, to prepare the same for joining the ends together; and itconsists in improved devices for operating the cutting and bevelin g tools simultaneously, and on both ends of the hoop at the same time.

Figure 1 of the drawings is a complete elevation of the apparatus. Fig.2 is across-section of the same on line a: w in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan of the rack which carries the beveling-tool, on an enlarged scale. Fig. 4. is an edge view of the rack, with the tool operating in the mortise of the hoop. Fig. 5 is a plan of the mortise in the hoop. Fig. 6 is a plan of the tongue at the other end of the hoop; Fig. 7, a plan and side View of the punch used to form the tongue; Fig. 8, a plan of the clamping-levers E, showing their location under the table-F; and Fig. 9, a section on line y y in Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is a rear view of the head D, having the rack r and sector .9 in position, and the cross-bar carrying the pivot of the sector removed. Fig. 11 is a similar view of the head D, having the rack and sector removed, and the cross-bar p removed. Fig. 12 is a plan of one head, having the slide a re moved to show the die 0. Fig. 13 is a plan, on an enlar ed scale, of the left end of the machine shown in Fig. 1. Fig. let is an elevation of the same, the tables F and levers E being omitted from the last two views. a

The machine consists essentially of two punching and bevelin g devices of similar character, fitted upon opposite ends of the table on frame A, and operated simultaneously by connections B to a treadle, 0. Each head D is provided with a slide, a, carrying atool adapted to punch the mortise 7) (shown in Fig. 5) or the notches in the sides of the hoop, at d, to form the tenon shown in Fig. 6. The latter tool is shown at c in Fig. 7, and the head D is provided with a die at e to support the hoop f during the operation of the punches. The hoop is held in place by two levers, E, pivoted upon the upper side of the frame A, and arranged to press both ends of the hoop downward and backward against a guide, 0, ad j ustably secured at the rear of the die 6, so as to set hoops of different widths under the center of the punching-tools. To support the hoop between the points where it rests upon the dies, a table, F, is secured upon the blocks G, upon the top of the bed A, and projects forward over the levers E, so as to form a support on which the levers press the hoop. The levers are pivoted together near the center of the bed with a slotted joint to permit free movement, and a handle, I, is attached to pne of them at that point. The ends of the levers nearest the dies 6 are bent upward and backward at t, so as to lap over the hoop in the de sired manner when the handle I is pulled forward, and clamp it down upon the table in contact with the guide 6'.

The base of the head D is extended around the .die far enough to afford a flat seat upon which the hoop rests, and upon which the guide 0 is secured by a bolt fitting in a slot in the guide. The guide is located in contact with the rear edge of the hoop when the latter is adjusted centrally over the center of the die,

levers E, thus serve to center the hoops by pushing them backward against the guide at the same time that the sloping point of the hook shown at t in Fig. 12 operates to draw the hoop downward upon the die-bed and ta ble F, if the hoop happens to be a little twisted or bent.

The frame is shown constructed with two parallel bars at the top, upon which the heads D can be adjusted at any desired distance by the bolt g, and stops 71. may be secured to the bars to include the length of the hoop, and thus cause the punches to operate at a uniform distance from the ends. The stops or gages hare shown as bent or angle pieces, having one leg slotted and secured by a bolt upon the frame A, and the other leg projecting upward above the level of the table F, upon which the hoop is laid.

I To make the ends of the hoop to lap under and the hooks t, formed upon the ends of the and fit closely together when the tongue isinserted through the mortise, a long bevel, as at j, is required to extend from thejoint toward the end of hoop. (See 'Fig. 4.) To produce this at the same timethat the punches operate, 1 form a recess in the side of the punches, as at t in Fig. l, and mount a chisel on a projection of the rack which lies behind the punch at such an angle and adjustment that it moves toward the punch, and bevels the wood at the required angle, while the latter is firmly held by the inserted punch. The recess or notch t permits the chisel m to pass clear through the wood into the space formed by the notch in the punch, and thus loosens the chip it has formed, the chisel and punch retiring simultaneously from the wood, leaving the hoop free to be removed.

In order to secure easier cutting by the vertical action of the punch or cutting-tool, I form the same with a concave face or hollow, so as to give a shear in cutting, as at I) in Fig. 1. This hollow in the face of the punch permits its extreme ends to first come in contact with the hoop, and the cut to gradually extend from the ends toward the middle of the face.

The ton gue-eutter shown in Fig. 7 is formed with two cutting-punches adapted to operate upon opposite sides of the hoop at once, but the face of the same may be hollowed, as just described, to secure an easy cutting action.

To operate the punch and beveling-chisel together, I form the rack i' with teeth to engage a toothed sector, by which the punchslide a is moved. The sector 8 is mounted upon the rear side of the head D, which is provided with ribs D upon its front side to guide the slide a, and is formed with a slot, 0, between the ribs to permit a crank-pin, a, (secured to the sector,) to operate upon the slide. Two lugs, 1), are attached to the top of the head behind, and project backward beyond the rear edge of the rack r, and a cross-bar, p", is secured to them by bolts r,to carry the pivot 4 5 9, upon which the sector 8 oscillates. The slide a has a transverse slot, 0, formed in it, and a crank-pin, a, secured to the sector passes through the curved slot 0 in the head D and operates the slide by pressing upon the lower side of the slot 0. The slide is thus traversed simultaneously with the movements of the rack, and the punch is brought into action to cut the tongue or mortise before the chisel m comes into operation.

From the above description it will be observed that the tools used in the heads at opposite ends of the frame A require to correspond in form and size, or rather to be counterparts of one another.

The form of the punch for the mortise is indicated by the aperture in the die 0, (shown in Fig. 12,) and that for the tongue d at the die in Fig. 7.

The rack r is fitted to a dovetailed guide, 70, which may, if preferred, be made separate from the head D and adjustable to different bevels in the hoop-joint, and is connected with the treadle O by a strap which is carried over a pulley, q, in the lower part of the head D. To display the motion of the rack r with its chisel, the same is shown drawn downward by the treadle at the right-hand head in Fig. 1, while the strap B is shown broken at the lefthand head, and the rack and slide are shown retracted by a spring, 2?, arranged upon posts a on the top of the head, and connected with the slide a by a bolt, o, upon the top. The spring t may thus be made to lift the whole weight of the treadle; or the latter may be balanced, if desired, or the back motion of the tools caused by a detached spring or weight.

In Fig. 3 the single chisel adapted to bevel the end of the mortise Z) is shown mounted upon a projection, x, from the side of the rack to bring it in line with the hoop lying in front of the head D, and the double chisel for the other end of the hoop, where the tongue is formed by a notch, d, at each side, is similarly held by a clamp, 20, so as to be removed for sharpening.

By the arrangement of the mechanism described the locks of the hoop can be rapidly and accurately cut and prepared for joining the ends together, and the cheapest labor employed to work the machine; and, as the working of the tools 0 and m can be effected in a variety of ways, I do not limit myself to the precise construction described, but consider my invention to consist in such an arrangement for the motive apparatus that the operator can cut the joints of both ends of the hoop simultaneously. Hand-levers may thus be substituted for the treadle; or power may be applied by suitable devices, so as to operate the tools simultaneously, by the application of a belt to a pulley, and placing the same under the control of the operator, so that he can stop the machine after finishing each hoop.

I am aware that machines have already been made for cutting a lock upon both ends of a hoop, and that an adjustable head ortool at one end of such machine is already known for such a purpose. I do not therefore claim such a machine, broadly; but having invented devices essentially different from those heretofore used, both in respect to the use of punching-tools and in the mode of combining and supporting the beveling-tool with the punch, I have claimed the same herein as constituting a new and improved combination. Thus the use of punches for cutting-the notches at the sides of the tongue affords many advantages over the cutting-chisels ordinarily used, as they are not easily injured by iron or other particles in the wood, and discharge their chips entirely beneath the die, so that it is always clean to receive a fresh hoop when a finished one is removed.

The die-bed t is shown in the various views provided with a slot, 8, through its base, and a notch, a, is shown in Fig. 2 formed in the front edge of the table, for the chips to drop out of the slot upon the floor. By these devices the rapidity of the operation is much hastened, and the durability of the tools also secured.

The slide a may be operated by an ordinary lever, likea foot-press,aud the lever connected with the treadle, like the rack 1'; or the treadlemotion may be connected directly with the sector.

I am aware that lock-cutting machines have been made for side lockin g only, and also that center looks of the description here referred to have been out by hand for special purposes, and do not claim anything new regarding the look itself, but the combination and arrangement ofmechanism to perform the work rapidly and at little cost.

The device is designed principally for all flat hoops and slightly oval ones, such as are now technically called patent hoops, it beinga decided advantage to have both ends of the hoop to lie under and in such manner as to bind the laps together and remove the strain from the nails, which are now relied upon to connect the ends of the hoop.

I therefore claim my invention as follows:

1. The combination, in a machine for cutting a tongue-and-mortise lock in barrel-hoops, of a bed provided at one end with a reciprocating tool for cutting and a diagonally-moving tool for beveling the mortise of the lock in the manner described, corresponding mechanism at the other end for cutting and beveling the tongue of the lock in similar manner, suitable gages for setting the hoop properly under the two tools, and mechanism adapted to operate the said tools, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In combination with the top of bed A and the two sets of cutting-tools, one or both being adjustably secured thereto, the gage h for setting the hoops endwise, substantially as described.

3. In combination with the dies for the mortise and tongue of the hoop, the gages e for centering the hoop beneath the punches, substantially as set forth.

4. In combination with the dies 6 and gages e, thelevers E, arranged and operated substantially as described, and provided with the bent ends t for pressing the hoop'against the gage and die-bed, substantially as set forth.

5. A punchingcutter operating as described, and having a recess in the side thereof, in combination withashavingorbevelingcuttermoving at an angle and entering said recess at the close of its stroke, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HENRY I'VILDE.

Witnesses:

Units. 0. HERRIOK, WM. F. D. CRANE. 

